Breast Cancer - World Best and Advanced Treatment in India

Most Advanced Breast Cancer Treatment in India

With advancement in technology, breast cancer is no longer an incurable disease. With the latest technology available at best cancer hospitals in India, breast cancer can now be detected at very early stages and can be completely treated. The approach used for cancer treatment in India is multidisciplinary, which involves Surgical Oncology, Radiation Oncology, Medical Oncology and rehabilitation after cancer surgery. The top cancer specialists in India use the latest international protocols for the treatment of cancer which includes the following depending upon the patient’s condition and requirements:

Novalis Tx Radiosurgery ,Cyberknife ,Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) ,Image Guided Radiation Therapy (IGRT) , Stereotactic Radio surgery and Radiation ,Therapy(SRS,SRT) , Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT)

There are a number of factors that determine the risk of cancer that are broadly classified into two categories – modifiable and non-modifiable factors. The non-modifiable factors, i.e. factors that are beyond your control to manipulate are: gender, age, menstrual pattern (including the age of menarche and menopause), etc. Whereas the modifiable risk factors are BMI (Body Mass Index), age at birth of first child, duration of breast feeding, number of children, diet, intake of alcohol and number of unsuccessful pregnancies/abortions. Breast cancer can be treated using a multi-faceted approach that combines surgery, chemotherapy radiotherapy and targeted therapy. The treatment options vary according to the stage of the tumour.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer symptoms may vary from lumps to swelling to skin changes and many breast cancers have no obvious symptoms at all. Symptoms that are similar to those of breast cancer may be the result of non-cancerous conditions like infection or a cyst, a lump or thickening in the breast or armpit, discharge from the nipple or a change in the color or texture of the skin of the breast.

Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

The first step in the diagnosis of breast disease is usually a physical exam by a doctor. Mammography, Ultrasound and a tissue biopsy, may be required to make a conclusive diagnosis.

Biopsy for Breast Cancer

The surgeon, a pathologist or a radiologist removes a portion or all of the suspicious tissue to examine under a microscope to check for cancer cells and makes the diagnosis. The different types of biopsies are:

• Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) Biopsy - FNA samples a woman's lump using a thin small needle that leaves a mark no bigger than a needle stick from a blood test.

• Stereotactic Core Biopsy - It involves removing tissue with a biopsy needle while your breast is compressed in a way similar to a mammogram. This biopsy requires less recovery time.

Breast Cancer Treatment in India

All breast cancer are not the same. More tests will be done to find out the specific pattern and the extent of the disease or stages. This important step is called staging. After an accurate diagnosis and proper staging a suitable Treatment Plan is made. There are several modalities of the treatment-these include Surgery, Chemotherapy, Radiation Therapy and Hormonal Therapy. These are usually used in a combination.

Stage I, Stage II, Stage IIIA, and Operable Stage IIIC Breast Cancer :-

Treatment of stage I, stage II, stage IIIA, and operable stage IIIC breast cancer may include the following:

• Breast - conserving surgery to remove only the cancer and some surrounding breast tissue, followed by lymph node dissection and radiation therapy.

• Modified radical mastectomy with or without breast reconstruction surgery.

• Sentinel lymph node biopsy followed by surgery.

Adjuvant therapy (treatment given after surgery to increase the chances of a cure) may include the following:

• Radiation therapy to the lymph nodes near the breast and to the chest wall after a modified radical mastectomy.

• Systemic chemotherapy with or without hormone therapy.

• Hormone therapy.

• A clinical trial of trastuzumab (Herceptin) combined with systemic chemotherapy.

Stage IIIB and inoperable stage IIIC Breast Cancer :-

Treatment of stage IIIB and inoperable stage IIIC breast cancer may include the following:

• Systemic chemotherapy.

• Systemic chemotherapy followed by surgery (breast-conserving surgery or total mastectomy), with lymph node dissection followed by radiation therapy. Additional systemic therapy (chemotherapy, hormone therapy, or both) may be given.

• Clinical trials testing new anticancer drugs, new drug combinations, and new ways of giving treatment.

Stage IV and metastatic Breast Cancer :-

Treatment of stage IV or metastatic breast cancer may include the following:

• Hormone therapy and/or systemic chemotherapy with or without trastuzumab (Herceptin).

• Tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy with lapatinib combined with capecitabine.

• Radiation therapy and/or surgery for relief of pain and other symptoms.

• Bisphosphonate drugs to reduce bone disease and pain when cancer has spread to the bone.

• Clinical trials testing new systemic chemotherapy and/or hormone therapy.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is a cancer treatment that uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. When chemotherapy is taken by mouth or injected into a vein or muscle, the drugs enter the bloodstream and can reach cancer cells throughout the body (systemic chemotherapy). When chemotherapy is placed directly into the cerebrospinal fluid, an organ, or a body cavity such as the abdomen, the drugs mainly affect cancer cells in those areas (regional chemotherapy). The way the chemotherapy is given depends on the type and stage of the cancer being treated.

Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy is a cancer treatment that uses high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells or keep them from growing. There are two types of radiation therapy. External radiation therapy uses a machine outside the body to send radiation toward the cancer. Internal radiation therapy uses a radioactive substance sealed in needles, seeds, wires, or catheters that are placed directly into or near the cancer. The way the radiation therapy is given depends on the type and stage of the cancer being treated.

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